Predictive value of left ventricular ejection fraction for the occurrence of postoperative myocardial infarction after coronary endarterectomy in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of ejection fraction for the postoperative myocardial infarction after coronary endarterectomy (CE) in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease (DCAD). Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and CE in Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Baseline features including age, sex and echocardiography parameters were obtained. Left ventricular ejection fraction(EF) was measured by echocardiography. The patients were divided into postoperative myocardial infarction (PMI) group and non-PMI group according to PMI occurrence. Linear regression analysis, logistic regression model, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between left ventricular ejection fraction and PMI and the influencing factors. Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 32 patients (27%) in the PMI group (male 27(84%), age (62±8)), inferior myocardial infarction occurred in 24 (75%) patients. There were 88 patients (73%) in the non-PMI group (male 70(80%), age (62±8)). EF (55% (49%, 64%) vs. 62% (55%, 67%), P=0.01) was significantly lower in the PMI group than in the non-PMI group. Perioperative TNI, IABP use and length of hospitalization were significantly higher in the PMI group than in the non-PMI group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that lower EF was an independent risk factor of PMI (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.89-0.98, P=0.01) after adjusting age, sex and body mass index. ROC curve analysis showed that EF<60% could sufficiently predict the occurrence of PMI (AUC= 0.67, sensitivity 64%, specificity 69%, P=0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (OR=-0.52, 95%CI:-1.13-0.60, P<0.001), graft flow in left anterior descending (OR=-0.20, 95%CI:-0.15-0.01, P=0.02) and history of diabetes (OR=-0.28, 95%CI:-8.25-1.85, P=0.002) were negatively correlated with preoperative EF value. Conclusion: Lower preoperative EF is an independent risk factor for PMI after CABG and CE in DCAD patients, closely related to the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, graft flow in left anterior descending artery and diabetes mellitus.

Schisandrin B Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway and Attenuates Early Brain Injury in Rats of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine whether Schisandrin B (Sch B) attenuates early brain injury (EBI) in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).@*METHODS@#Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham (sham operation), SAH, SAH+vehicle, and SAH+Sch B groups using a random number table. Rats underwent SAH by endovascular perforation and received Sch B (100 mg/kg) or normal saline after 2 and 12 h of SAH. SAH grading, neurological scores, brain water content, Evan's blue extravasation, and terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining were carried out 24 h after SAH. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to detect the expressions of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the rat brain, while the expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bax, Caspase-3, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated specklike protein containing the caspase-1 activator domain (ASC), Caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in the rat brains were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the SAH group, Sch B significantly improved the neurological function, reduced brain water content, Evan's blue content, and apoptotic cells number in the brain of rats (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, Sch B decreased SAH-induced expressions of Iba-1 and MPO (P<0.01). SAH caused the elevated expressions of Bax, Caspase-3, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in the rat brain (P<0.01), all of which were inhibited by Sch B (P<0.01). In addition, Sch B increased the Bcl-2 expression (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Sch B attenuated SAH-induced EBI, which might be associated with the inhibition of neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and the NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathway.

Clinical features and prognosis of autoimmune pancreatitis alone or with IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) alone versus AIP with IgG4 sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC). MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 40 patients with type 1 AIP who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June 2015 to January 2020, among whom 29 patients had AIP alone and 11 had AIP with IgG4-SC. The two groups were compared in terms of clinical manifestations, laboratory examination, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate recurrence rate and plot recurrence curve, and the log-rank test was used for univariate analysis. ResultsCompared with the AIP group, the AIP+IgG4-SC group had significantly higher number of affected organs ［3.0(3.0-4.0) vs 3.0(1.5-3.5), Z=-2.172, P=0035］ and response index before treatment ［12.0(12.0-15.0) vs 12.0(9.0-13.5), Z=-2.157, P=0.032］. The AIP+IgG4-SC group had a significantly higher median serum IgG level than the AIP group ［21.0(15.8-23.7) g/L vs 14.8(13.3-15.7) g/L, Z=-2.711, P=0.004］. During the median follow-up time of 15.8 (6.5-31.3) months, the AIP+IgG4-SC group had a significantly higher recurrence rate than the AIP group (χ2=8.155, P=0.004). ConclusionPatients with AIP and IgG4-SC tend to have higher serum IgG4 level, number of affected organs, and recurrence rate than those with AIP alone. Early identification, diagnosis, and treatment can reduce the recurrence rate of AIP.

Research on the determination of cholesterol efflux from foam cells mediated by apoA-1 using HPLC analysis / 重庆医学

Objective To establish a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determining the choles‐terol efflux from macrophage‐derived foam cells mediated by apolipoprotein A‐1(apoA‐1) .Methods Human THP‐1 monocytic cells ,pre‐treated with 160 nmol/L phorbol‐12‐myristate acetate (PMA) for 24 h to differentiate into adherence macrophages ,then incubated with 50 μg/mL acetylated low density lipoprotein (ac‐LDL) for 48 h to induce foam cells formation ,then added apoA‐1 for 24 h .THP‐1‐derived macrophage foam cells were identified by oil red O‐staining ,and the cellular cholesterol content by meas‐ured by HPLC method .Cholesterol efflux from macrophage foam cells was determined by HPLC analysis and liquid scintillation counting ,respectively .Results Oil red O‐stainable lipid droplet accumulation were observed in entire cytoplasm of THP‐1‐derived macrophage foam cells .Measuring cellular cholesterol content showed that free cholesterol ,total cholesterol and cholesterol ester content in macrophage foam cells were increased remarkably than PMA group macrophages (P<0 .01) .After treated with ac‐LDL for 48 h ,the macrophage foam cells accumulated 80 .25 μg/mg cell protein and 47 .65 μg/mg cell protein respectively ,and the cho‐lesterol ester accounted for 59 .38% of the cellular total cholesterol (P<0 .01) .The ratio of cholesterol efflux reached 5 .63% and 7 .08% respectively by HPLC analysis and liquid scintillation counting using apoA‐1 mediation (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Combina‐tion of an enzymatic catalysis and HPLC method for determining cholesterol efflux from foam cells is successfully established in this study , thus providing a technical foundation for the further study of cellular lipid homeostasis .

Construction of shRNA lentiviral vectors targeting humanβ-COP and detection of their interference effect / 医学研究生学报

[Abstract ] Objective The purpose of this study was to construct a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference lentiviral vector targeting the humanβ-COP gene and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on β-COP in THP-1 cells. Methods We designed and synthesized 4 humanβ-COP-specific oligonucleotide sequences and inserted them into the pGMLV-SC1 vector to construct a recombinant vector fol-lowed by transfection of HEK 293T cells with the recombinant vector and Lenti-HG Mix to produce lentiviruses and detect the viral con-tent.After infecting the THP-1 cells with the packaged lentiviruses , we analyzed the inhibitory effect of β-COP-shRNA on the β-COP gene by quantitative PCR and Western blot . Results Sequencing confirmed that the β-COP-specific oligonucleotide sequences were in-serted into the lentiviral vector and the lentiviruses were packaged in the transfected HEK 293T cells, with the final viral content of 1 × 109 TU/mL.Quantitative PCR showed that the 4 β-COP-shRNA vectors significantly decreased the mRNA expression of β-COP (P<0.01), with interference rates of 16.9 %,32.5%, 74.0%, and 50.3%, respectively.Western blot also indicated their inhibitory effect on the protein expression of β-COP, with an inhibition rate of 76.4% onβ-COP-shRNA3. Conclusion Lentiviral shRNA interference vectors targeting human β-COP were constructed successfully , which could suppress the expression of the human β-COP gene.

Dynamics of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA after serum virology response / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the dynamics of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and optimal duration of treatment after serum virology response.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HBV cccDNA in liver biopsies and the serum HBV DNA were quantified by real time PCR, the serum makers were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The cccDNA in biopsy samples continued to decrease after serum virology responded. (2) The longer the treatment after serum virology response, the lower the cccDNA level in liver tissue. (3) Anti-HBe positive patients had lower cccDNA in liver tissue than anti-HBe negative patients. (4) cccDNA in liver tissue was undetectable in 12 out of the 18 case anti-HBe(+) patients. Serum virology response lasted 35 months and anti-HBe(+) lasted 30 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>After serum virology responded, the longer the treatment, the lower the liver cccDNA. The cccDNA is undetectable in about 2/3 of the patients if the serum virological clearance lasts more than 35 months and anti-HBe lasts more than 30 months.</p>

Three-tunnels core decompression with implantation of bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) and decalcified bone matrix (DBM) for the treatment of early femoral head necrosis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyse retrospectively 3-tunnels core decompression with implantation of bone marrow stromal cells(bMSCs) and decalcified bone matrix (DBM) for treatment of femoral head necrosis in early stages, and to study its therapeutic results and indications.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the University of Pennsyvania system of classification and staging,to treat the patients with 3-tunnels core decompression with implantation of bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) and decalcified bone matrix (DBM) for treatment of early femoral head necrosis. Among the total 87 patients (103 hips), the male was 71 (86 hips) and the female 16 (17 hips) with the average age of 47 years old. The average course of disease was 1.3 year. The effect was evaluated by the clinical symptoms, the Harris' scores and the manifestations of radiology before and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up more than 2 years (average 26 months). The average Harris' scores increased from preoperation 47.3 to postoperation 74.0. The average rate of excellent and good results was 75.7%. The rate of excellent and good was 88% (22/25) in type I, 78.7% (37/47) in type II and 61.3% (19/31) in type III. No severe complications were observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three-tunnels core decompression with implantation of bMSCs and DBM not only removal the focus of disease, but also use DBM the induction of bone and autologous hone marrow stem cells to differentiate the functions of the femoral head can be resumed loading structure, eliminate pain,improve joint function. It is an effective method for early femoral head necrosis.</p>

Effects of homoharringtonine (HHT) on expression of caspase-3 protein and mRNA in nasopharyrgeal carcinoma cells CNE-2Z / 中国药理学通报

AIM To investigate the effects of homoharringtonine (HHT) on the expression of caspase-3 pro-tein and mRNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE-2Z. METHODS After CNE-2Z cells were treated with HHT [0(control),0.125,0.25,0.5,1 mg?L -1] for 8 h, the expression of pro-caspase-3 protein was analyzed by Western Blot and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. RESULTS As HHT-concentration increased, the expression of pro-caspase-3 protein decreased significantly (P

Effects of homoharringtonine on inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE-2Z / 中国药理学通报

AIM To study the effects of homoharringtonine(HHT) on inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells CNE 2Z. METHODS The inhibitory rates of the proliferation and IC 50 were detected by MTT method. The apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM), agarose gel electrophoresis and Hoechst 33258/PI fluorescence staining. RESULTS After cells were treated with HHT of different concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 h,respectively,the inhibitory rates of the proliferation rised with concentration and time. The IC 50 values of 24, 48 and 72 h were (0 629?0 039), (0 483?0 011) and (0 389?0 027) mg?L -1 , respectively. The difference among IC 50 values was obvious ( P